Portal Hypertension Treatment at CMC Dubai
Overview
Portal hypertension is often caused by liver cirrhosis, which is a condition in which the liver becomes scarred and unable to function properly due to chronic damage. Other causes of portal hypertension include blood clots in the portal vein, inflammation of the liver, and certain genetic disorders.
Symptoms of Portal Hypertension may Include:
- Enlarged spleen
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Ascites (fluid buildup in the abdomen)
- Varicose veins in the esophagus or stomach, which can lead to bleeding
- Fatigue and weakness
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Easy bruising and bleeding
The Diagnostic tests may include:
- Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI can be used to evaluate the liver, spleen, and blood vessels in the abdomen.
- Endoscopy: An endoscope, which is a flexible tube with a camera, can be used to examine the esophagus and stomach for signs of varicose veins.
- Blood tests: Blood tests can be used to check for liver function, signs of infection, and levels of blood clotting factors.
- Liver biopsy: In some cases, a liver biopsy may be recommended to examine a small sample of liver tissue under a microscope.
If portal hypertension is diagnosed, further tests may be necessary to determine the underlying cause and severity of the condition. The healthcare provider can help determine the most appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment plan based on the individual’s specific needs.
The Treatment of Portal Hypertension:
- Medications: Medications may be prescribed to reduce the pressure in the portal vein and prevent complications such as bleeding. Examples of medications that may be used include beta blockers, such as propranolol or nadolol, which can lower blood pressure in the portal vein, and vasopressin analogues, such as terlipressin, which can help reduce bleeding from varicose veins.
- Endoscopic therapy: Endoscopic therapy involves using a special scope to locate and treat varicose veins in the esophagus or stomach that can lead to bleeding. This may involve injecting a sclerosing agent, which causes the veins to scar and shrink, or placing bands around the veins to prevent bleeding.
- Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): TIPS is a procedure that involves creating a channel between the portal vein and a hepatic vein to help reduce pressure in the portal vein. This can be an effective treatment for refractory or severe portal hypertension.
- It is important to talk to a healthcare provider about the best treatment plan for your specific type and severity of portal hypertension. They can help determine the most appropriate treatment options and monitor your condition over time.
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- Consultant Gastroenterologist
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