Preiser disease, also known as idiopathic avascular necrosis of the scaphoid bone is a rare condition that affects the wrist. It is characterized by the death of bone tissue (avascular necrosis) in the scaphoid bone which is a small bones in the wrist. Diagnosis of Preiser disease typically involves a physical exam and imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, to assess the extent of the bone damage.
The most common symptom of Preiser disease is pain in the wrist, which may be aggravated by activities that involve gripping or rotating the wrist. Other symptoms may include swelling, tenderness, stiffness, and weakness in the wrist and hand:
The exact cause of Preiser disease is not known, but several factors may contribute to its development. Some of these factors include:
Trauma: A sudden, forceful injury to the wrist, such as a fall onto an outstretched hand, can cause damage to the blood vessels supplying the scaphoid bone.
Vascular Factors: Certain conditions that affect blood flow, such as clotting disorders, sickle cell anemia, and lupus, may also increase the risk of Preiser disease.
Idiopathic: In some cases, the cause of Preiser disease is not known.
The treatment for Preiser disease depends on the severity of the condition. Here are some common treatments for Preiser disease:
Rest and Immobilization: Resting the affected wrist and immobilizing it with a cast or splint can help reduce pain and promote healing. This may involve immobilization of the wrist for several weeks or months.
Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation in the affected area. In some cases, other pain medications or injections may also be used.
Surgery: Surgical options may include bone grafting, joint fusion, or joint replacement. The goal of surgery is to restore the normal anatomy of the wrist and reduce pain and other symptoms.
Rehabilitation: After surgery, a rehabilitation program may be prescribed to help restore normal wrist function and range of motion. This may include exercises, physical therapy, and/or occupational therapy.
It’s important to note that treatment for Preiser disease is often complex and requires a personalized approach based on individual factors such as the stage of the disease, the location of the affected bone, and other medical conditions.
