ACL Surgery
Présentation générale
ACL reconstruction is a surgical procedure that restores knee stability and strength after the ligament has been torn. The procedure works by removing the remnants of the damaged ligament and replace them with tissue from a cadaver or another ligament from one’s body. ACL reconstruction procedure is performed on an outpatient basis by an orthopedic surgeon.
Why ACL Reconstruction Surgery is Performed
ACL reconstructive surgery is performed to restore stability and range of motion to the knee after an ACL tear. Surgery is not always necessary in situations with torn ligaments, but individuals who are in severe discomfort may choose to have it.
ACL reconstruction is mostly recommended for:
- Individuals with persistent knee pain
- Individuals whose injury causes the knee to buckle during routine activities
- Young and active individuals
- An athlete who wants to remain active
Preparation for ACL Reconstruction Surgery
Prior to surgery, the patient will undergo several days of physical therapy. The objective is to reduce pain and swelling, restore the knee’s full range of motion, and strengthen muscles. Individuals who have stiff, swollen knees before surgery may not fully recover their range of motion.
The patient will need to discuss with the doctor about where the surgically-implanted tendon will come from. These tendons are frequently found in:
- Quadriceps
- Patella’s tendon
- Hamstring
The doctor will issue complete instructions for the day of the surgery, which may include fasting for 12 hours prior to surgery and refraining from taking any blood-thinning medications such as aspirin. The patient should arrange for someone to accompany him/her to the hospital for surgery.
How the Procedure Works
During the procedure, which is performed under general anesthesia, a sample tissue is chosen, which is prepared from a cadaver or surgically removed from the patient’s body. The tendon will then be outfitted with bone plugs, or anchor points, to graft the tendon into the knee.
An incision is made in the front of the knee through which a small tube is outfitted with a fiber optic camera and surgical tools (arthroscope) are inserted. This will enable the surgeon to see inside the knee during the procedure.
The surgeon will first clean the area and remove the damaged ACL. The tibia and femur will then have tiny holes drilled into them so that the bone plugs can be fastened with posts, screws, staples, or washers.
The surgeon will check the knee’s range of motion and tension after attaching the new ligament to make sure the graft is secure.
Lastly, the surgeon will suture the incisions, dress the wound, and stabilize the knee with a brace.
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